فراترکیب پیامدهای به‌کارگیری هوش مصنوعی در صنعت بانکداری: واکاوی منافع، هزینه‌های آشکار و پنهان و ریسک‌های استقرار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت راهبردی، گرایش مدیریت بحران، دانشکده پدافند غیرعامل، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه بانکداری دیجیتال و هوش مصنوعی، بانک تجارت، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

چکیده
هدف: استقرار فناوری هوش مصنوعی در بانک‌ها علاوه بر منافع، با هزینه‌ها و ریسک‌هایی همراه است. پراکندگی یافته‌های پژوهش‌های پیشین، ضرورت ارایه تصویری جامع از پیامدهای به‌کارگیری هوش مصنوعی در صنعت بانکداری جهت تدوین فرآیندهای بهینه در به‌کارگیری آن را آشکار می‌سازد. لذا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی پیامدهای به‌کارگیری هوش مصنوعی در صنعت بانکداری انجام شده است.

روش‌شناسی پژوهش: این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر نوع داده‌ها، کیفی است. منابع مرتبط از طریق جست‌وجوی نظام‌مند کلیدواژه‌های فارسی و انگلیسی در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی داخلی و خارجی، از جمله اسکوپوس، وب‌آوساینس، ساینس‌دایرکت، نورمگز، مگیران، و غیره در بازه زمانی ۲۰۱۰ تا ۲۰۲۶ میلادی و ۱۳۸۹ تا ۱۴۰۵ خورشیدی شناسایی شدند. پس از بررسی، ۳۲ مطالعه برای تحلیل نهایی انتخاب شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از روش فراترکیب هفت‌مرحله‌ای سندلوسکی و باروسو انجام گرفت و اعتبار دسته‌بندی‌ها و یافته‌ها نیز با شاخص کاپا، روایی صوری و نظر خبرگان مورد تایید قرار گرفت.

یافته‎ها: نتایج حاصل از تحلیل، به استخراج ۱۶۹ کد پایه منجر شد که پس از مقایسه، ادغام و طبقه‌بندی مفاهیم هم‌معنا، در قالب ۶۵ کد مفهومی و ۱۳ مقوله اصلی سازمان‌دهی شدند. مقوله‌های شناسایی‌شده شامل منافع اقتصادی، عملیاتی و فرآیندی، راهبردی و سازمانی، و غیره، هزینه‌های آشکار و پنهان، ریسک‌های فنی، داده‌ای و امنیتی، حاکمیتی، اجرایی و غیره هستند.
اصالت/ارزش‌افزوده علمی: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که به‌کارگیری هوش مصنوعی در صنعت بانکداری پدیده‌ای چندبعدی است و نمی‌توان آن را صرفا از منظر افزایش کارایی یا کاهش هزینه ارزیابی کرد. چارچوب ارایه‌شده می‌تواند به مدیران بانک‌ها، سیاست‌گذاران و نهادهای ناظر کمک کند تا با ارزیابی هم‌زمان منافع، هزینه‌های آشکار و پنهان و ریسک‌های استقرار، تصمیم‌های دقیق‌تر و متوازن‌تری درباره طراحی، اجرا و توسعه سامانه‌های هوش مصنوعی اتخاذ کنند.







کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Meta-synthesis of artificial intelligence adoption implications in the banking industry: Exploring the benefits, explicit and hidden costs, and implementation risks

نویسندگان English

Ali Ghasemian 1
Farshad Bayati 2
Faraz Salehi 3
1 Department of Strategic Management, Orientation of Crisis Management, Passive Defense Faculty, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Digital Banking and Artificial Intelligence, Tejarat Bank, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Purpose: In addition to benefits, the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in banks is associated with costs and risks. The fragmented nature of prior research findings highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of the implications of AI adoption in the banking industry in order to support the development of more effective implementation processes. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the implications of AI adoption in the banking industry.
Methodology: In terms of purpose, the study is applied, and in terms of data, it adopts a qualitative approach. Relevant sources were identified through a systematic search using Persian and English keywords across major national and international databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Noormags, Magiran, and others, covering the period from 2010 to 2026 and from 1389 to 1405 in the Iranian calendar. Following the screening process, 32 studies were selected for final analysis. Data were analyzed using Sandelowski and Barroso’s seven-step meta-synthesis method. The credibility of the classifications and findings was assessed through Cohen’s kappa coefficient, face validity, and expert judgment.
Findings: The analysis resulted in the extraction of 169 basic codes, which were subsequently compared, consolidated, and classified into 65 conceptual codes and 13 main categories. The identified categories included economic, operational and process-related, strategic and organizational benefits, among others; explicit and hidden costs; and technical, data, security, governance, implementation, and other risks.
Originality/Value: The results indicate that AI adoption in the banking industry is a multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be evaluated solely in terms of efficiency gains or cost reduction. The proposed framework can assist bank managers, policymakers, and regulatory authorities in making more accurate and balanced decisions regarding the design, implementation, and development of AI systems by simultaneously assessing their benefits, explicit and hidden costs, and implementation risks.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Artificial intelligence
AI in the banking industry
Economic implications of AI
Operational implications of AI
Benefits
Costs
Risks of AI
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